ICS2O_Computing_basics

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=Computing Basics=

>>> >>> >>> The main computer box is the main component of the computer. It has computer hardware parts inside that perform the following functions: >>>
 * 1) ==Computer Hardware==
 * 2) [|Computer Data]
 * Computer data is information required by the computer to be able to operate. It is used to:
 * Run programs - This is the actual executable program data that the computer will execute to run the program such as Microsoft Word.
 * Store program or system configuration information.
 * Store information that the computer user needs such as text files or other files that are associated with the program the computer user is running. A common example of a program the computer user is running is the Microsoft Office suite of products which include Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and others. These programs are also known as applications.
 * 1) Computer Hardware
 * [|A quick history/illustrated guide to hardware] (for you hardware Geeks out there!!!)
 * The term computer hardware refers to the various electronic components that are required for you to use a computer along with the hardware components inside the computer case. As you know your computer equipment is made of several common components. These include:
 * The main computer box.
 * A monitor - Looks like a television screen.
 * A keyboard.
 * A mouse.
 * Speakers.
 * An optional printer
 * Temporary storage of information (known as data in more technical terms) - This function is done by memory.
 * Permanent storage of information - This function is done by a hard disk, tape storage, flash drive, or CD ROM.
 * Manipulation or processing of data - Used to determine where data is stored and perform calculations which support operations that the user is doing.
 * Interfacing to the outside components or to the outside world - This supports the ability for the user to communicate with the computer and know how the computer is responding to commands which are done primarily through the monitor, keyboard, and mouse along with their interface components in the main computer box.
 * A power supply which provides the electrical power to the components in the computer box.
 * 1) Hardware and Software
 * The term hardware describes the physical parts of your computer which you can physically touch or see such as your monitor, case, disk drives, microprocessor and other physical parts.
 * The term software describes the programs that run on your system (OS/programs)
 * BIOS - how everything inegrates with the physical box.
 * 1) The nature of the Network
 * From the cables/hardware to the cloud - information is moved around electronic systems.
 * 1) The internet
 * The word internet is used to describe a network of networks which incorporate a very large and complicated set of equipment.
 * 1) Operating System
 * The operating system is the core software component of your computer. It performs many functions and is, in very basic terms, an interface between your computer and the outside world (usually through drivers).
 * How it works
 * How it can be abused
 * 1) Applications
 * Applications are programs that are installed. on computers to give users the ability to do specific tasks.
 * How they work
 * How they can be abused
 * 1) Files
 * Files are a collection of data onto a permanent storage structure.
 * What they do
 * Characteristics (name, extension, size)
 * type (linked with extension)
 * Date modified
 * File management
 * 1) Security
 * Viruses/Worms
 * Trojans
 * Malware in general (websites/files)
 * How to secure your box
 * [|firewalls]
 * [|virus/malware scanners]

You are to complete the following survey ([|linky]) as best you can in class, then the rest of it at home if you don't offhand know all of the answers.

Challenge

Create a new program in [|Khan Academy's interactive java environment]and first person who manages to draw a perfect stickman/woman wins



Assignment #1
Complete the game. Take a screen-capture of each successful solution (e.g. hit the print-screen button on your keyboard just as your bot finishes the level then paste the screen capture into paint.net and save the file solution_1, solution_2, solution_3 etc....). When you're done submit the entire set of solutions into the handin folder.

[]


 * **CATEGORY** || **4** || **3** || **2** || **1** ||
 * **Diligently solves game and records winning moves** || Judicious use of tools lead to a fantastically organized product whereby each level is solved || Levels are solved, most pictures capturing winning moves are recorded/submitted || Most levels are solved, most pictures are submitted || Some levels are solved, some pictures are submitted. ||
 * **Use of Time** || Used time well during each class period (as shown by observation by teacher, and documentation of progress in journal) with no reminders. || Used time well during most class periods (as shown by observation by teacher, and documentation of progress in journal) with no reminders. || Used time well (as shown by observation by teacher and documentation of progress in journal), but required reminders on one or more occasions to do so. || Used time poorly (as shown by observation by teacher and/or documentation of progress in journal) in spite of several reminders to do so. ||

Gated logic in Computer Programming
Logic gates are primarily implemented electronically using diodes or transistors, but can also be constructed using electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements

These basic elements include

AND
And who's truth table looks like this:
 * **INPUT** || **OUTPUT** ||
 * A || B || A AND B ||
 * 0 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 0 || 1 || 0 ||
 * 1 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 1 || 1 || 1 ||

OR


Who's truth table looks like this: A B || **OUTPUT** A + B ||
 * **INPUT**
 * 0 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 0 || 1 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 0 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 1 || 1 ||

NOT (inverter)


Who's truth table looks like this: A || **OUTPUT** NOT A ||
 * **INPUT**
 * 0 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 0 ||

NAND
Simply not AND
 * **INPUT** || **OUTPUT** ||
 * A || B || A NAND B ||
 * 0 || 0 || 1 ||
 * 0 || 1 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 0 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 1 || 0 ||

NOR
Not OR
 * **INPUT** || **OUTPUT** ||
 * A || B || A NOR B ||
 * 0 || 0 || 1 ||
 * 0 || 1 || 0 ||
 * 1 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 1 || 1 || 0 ||

XOR
Exclusively OR
 * **INPUT** || **OUTPUT** ||
 * A || B || A XOR B ||
 * 0 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 0 || 1 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 0 || 1 ||
 * 1 || 1 || 0 ||

Try these: